Most common file type, it uses compression to make the file smaller but the smaller the image size the lower the quality of it, used for photos a lot, it is a raster file type. Has a lossy compression, once the file is shrunk, making it big again reduces the quality.
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| High compression - Low quality |
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| Low Compression – High Quality |
.GIF
Stands for Graphics Interchange Format, can be used for drawing and line art, maximum of 256 colours so not too good for photos, lossless image format and has pretty low image size. It is also a raster format. GIFs can also be used for short animations.
.PNG
Stands for Portable Network Graphics, it is a lossless format as the images keep their quality, it has a larger file size and is good for photos. It also can support transparency.
.PSD
Main format used in Photoshop, it is a lossless format and it is very high quality. Stores a lot of other information with in the image like layers, masks and transparency, because of this it has a larger file size. It is a vector image format.
.BMP
Short for Bitmap, it is a high quality image type and doesn’t use compression at all which leads to huge files sizes. It is a raster image format. They’re only really used by Microsoft.
.TIF
Stands for Tagged Image File, it is a raster image format and is usually has a lossless compression. They are usually high quality images and store other information with the image so have large file sizes.
.AI
Used in adobe illustrator, this is a vector image format as it is mostly made from lines and contains instructions on how to recreate the image, no matter what the size.
.TGA
TARGA stands for Truevision Advanced Raster Graphics Adapter, they can store image date with either 8, 16, 24 or 32 bits of precision per pixel (24 bits of RGB and 8 on alpha channel). The colour data can be colour-mapped, in direct colour and true colour format.
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